PERIODONTAL DISEASES IN DOGS (ETIOLOGY, CLINICAL SIGNS, DIAGNOSIS)

Abstract

Recently, the number of non-communicable pathologies in dogs is increasing and a large part of them are caused by diseases of the oral cavity area. A significant number of them are dental problems. One of them is periodontitis. More oŌen periodontitis occurs as a result of tooth fractures and the development of caries, which are complicated by necrotic pulpitis. The main forms of periodontitis in dogs: fibrous, granulomatous, granulating, and suppurative. The work describes clinical manifestations of periodontal pathology and interprets the radiological images taken for final diagnosis of oral cavity pathology. Fibrous periodontitis was found to be asymptomatic and characterized by insignificant equitable expansion of the periodontal slit in the apex area. Granulating periodontitis is characterized by hyperemia and swelling of the mucous membrane of the gums in the area of tooth root projection and uneven jaw bone destruction with deformation of the periodontal slit. Granulomatous periodontitis is asymptomatic and is characterized by the development of a rounded defect of the jaw bone, which is associated with periodontitis and is radiologically detected. A fistula in the infraorbital region (fourth upper premolar) is observed quite oŌen. In cases of suppurative periodontitis in dogs, toothache, hyperemia and swelling of the gums, fistula, destruction and melting of the periodontal ligament were noted. Odontogenic abscesses can be considered not only as an independent nosologic unit but also as a kind of suppurative periodontitis. Granulomas of periodontal tissue are a part of chronic periodontitis including its similar etiology, pathogenesis, symptoms, and localization

Keywords

• fistulas
• caries
• tooth fractures
• deformation
• periodontal slit