Cam morphology, hip range of motion and hip pain in young skiers and soccer players
Anna Swärd Aminoff,
Josefin Abrahamson,
Carl Todd,
Olof Thoreson,
Cecilia Agnvall,
Gauti Laxdal,
Ricard Pruna,
Pall Jonasson,
Leif Swärd,
Jón Karlsson,
Adad Baranto
Affiliations
Anna Swärd Aminoff
Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences at Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
Josefin Abrahamson
Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences at Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Corresponding author. Orthopaedic Research Unit, Mölndal hospital/Sahlgrenska University Hospital, R-house, Level 7, 431 80 Mölndal, Sweden
Carl Todd
Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences at Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
Olof Thoreson
Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences at Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
Cecilia Agnvall
Sportmedicine Åre and Åre Ski High School, Sweden
Gauti Laxdal
Orkuhúsið Orthopedic Clinic, Reykjavik, Iceland
Ricard Pruna
FC Barcelona Medical Services Excellent Center of Sports Medicine, Barcelona, Spain
Pall Jonasson
Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences at Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
Leif Swärd
Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences at Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
Jón Karlsson
Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences at Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
Adad Baranto
Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences at Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
Objectives: To investigate hip pain, hip range of motion and the presence and size of cam morphology among young soccer players and skiers. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: The hip joints of young male soccer players and male and female skiers were examined clinically for hip range of motion (ROM) and with MRI (the presence of cam morphology). All participants answered questions about hip pain, debut age for training/competing and training frequency. Results: Clinical examinations were performed on 135 athletes (60 male soccer players, 40 male skiers and 35 female skiers), of which 93 athletes had additional MRIs. Mean age was 17.7 (SD 1.2) years. Cam morphology (α-angle ≥60°) was significantly less present in female skiers (3%) compared with male skiers (38%, p < 0.001) and male soccer players (33%, p = 0.03). The soccer players had significantly reduced internal and external hip rotation and self-reported hip pain, compared with the skiers. Female skiers had significantly greater hip ROM, compared with both male skiers and soccer players. A low positive correlation was found between cam morphology and hip pain in male skiers (r = 0.42; p = 0.014). Conclusions: Female skiers had a lower prevalence of cam morphology compared with the male groups while no difference was found between the male skiers and soccer players. Young male soccer players had significantly reduced internal and external hip rotation and a lower grade of self-reported hip pain compared with male and female skiers.
