Agronomía Colombiana (Dec 2000)
Efecto de la salinidad por cloruro de sodio sobre el balance de nutrientes en plantas de lulo (Solanum quitoense L.)
Abstract
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mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0cm; mso-para-margin-right:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0cm; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} </style> <![endif]--> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: ";Times New Roman";,";serif";;" lang="EN-US">Concentrations of K+, Ca2+,Mg2+,Na+ and Cl were ana1yzed inleaves, shots and roots of lulo iSolanum quitoense </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: ";Arial";,";sans-serif";;" lang="EN-US">L.). </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: ";Times New Roman";,";serif";;" lang="EN-US">Plants were grown under salt stress at greenhouse conditions. The </span><span style="font-size: 2pt; font-family: ";Times New Roman";,";serif";;" lang="EN-US"><, </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: ";Times New Roman";,";serif";;" lang="EN-US">experiment site was the Horticulture Institute of the Humboldt University in Berlin (Germany). The influence ofNaCI salinity on the uptake of analyzed ions, salinity accumulation and distribution into the plant tissues and ratio ions were al so researched throughout this experiment. Plants were supplied with a nutrient solution of Wuxal (1 ppm) (Schering, Germany). AII plants were transferred to bigger pots with quartz sand, six weeks after germination. After a one-week adaptation period, the salt treatments were initiated with 30 and 60 of mM NaCI in Wuxal solution. Controls were supplied only with Wuxal solution 1ppm. K+,Ca2+, Mg2 + and Na+ concentrations were determinated through atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Cl was conclusive through the use of chloride meter. Cl and Na+accumulation in tissues presented a trend similar to the NaCI concentration in the nutrient solution. The salt lessened K+ concentration in leaves and shoots. Na/Ca, Na/Mg, Na/K and Na/Ca+Mg+K ratios were increased in leaves and shoots throughout the NaCI concentration in the nutrient solution. Na+ accumulation was greater in roots that in shoots and leaves. These results suggest that Lulo might be a moderately salt-tolerant plant comparable to other Solanaceae species. </span></p>Se analizaron las concentraciones de K+, Ca2+,Mg2+,Na+ y Cl en hojas, tallos y raíces de plantas de Lulo (Solanum quitoense L.) que crecieron bajo invernadero en condiciones salinas. El ensayo se realizó en la Sección de Fruticultura del Instituto de Horticultura de la Universidad Humboldt de Berlín. Mediante este estudio, se evaluó la influencia de la salinidad por NaCl sobre la toma de los elementos estudiados, sobre la acumulación de Cl y Na+ en los tejidos de las plantas, así como la relación del Sodio con los demás cationes acumulados en los tejidos vegetales. Después de la germinación de las semillas, se regaron las plántulas con una solución de Wuxal N (Schering, Alemania) a una concentración de 1 ppm. Seis semanas después de germinadas, se transplantaron a materas que contenían cuarzo lavado y, luego del establecimiento de las plantas en el cuarzo, se inició el tratamiento con soluciones<br />de NaCl en concentraciones de 30 y 60 mM de NaCl además de la solución de Wuxal. Los testigos se regaron, sólo, con la solución de Wuxal N (1 ppm). Para el análisis de K+, Ca2+,Mg2+y Na", se utilizó un espectrofotómetro de absorción atómica; el Cl se analizó mediante un clorímetro. La acumulación de Cl y Na+ en los tejidos analizados presentaron una tendencia escalonada típica de acuerdo con la concentración de NaCI en la solución nutritiva. La sal indujo una reducción de la concentración de K+en hojas y tallos. El valor de las relaciones Na/Ca, Na/Mg, Na/K y Na/ Ca+Mg+K se incrementó en hojas y tallos con la concentración de<br />NaCl en la solución. El Na+ se acumuló en mayor proporción en las raíces que en las hojas y los tallos. Con base en los resultados expuestos, se puede catalogar al Lulo, al igual que otras Solanáceas, como una planta que presenta una tolerancia moderada a la salinidad por NaCl.