Factors affecting contemporary architectural design and its relationship to the Pharaonic architectural heritage (In order to establish evaluation criteria for the architecture of different civilizations)

Abstract

There are many factors that influence contemporary architectural design, and despite their multiple and different classification methods, they can be divided into three main factors: physical, human and civil factors, in addition to contemporary factors. The research seeks to study the effect of these factors on the architectural heritage of the Pharaonic civilization, in order to answer the question: Did these factors have an impact on the architectural heritage of the Pharaonic civilization as it affected contemporary architecture? This is to test these factors as evaluation criteria for the Pharaonic civilization and the rest of civilizations in general.Research purpose:The factors affecting the architectural design process are categorized in more ways than one. These factors are used to evaluate the contemporary architectural product, and the research seeks to evaluate architectural heritage works according to these factors in order to obtain evaluation criteria by which the architectural products of different civilizations can be evaluated.Research problem:Evaluating architectural work without looking at the factors surrounding the design and implementation process is a kind of inequity for the architectural work and for the architect itself. The refore, the research seeks to monitor the factors affecting pharaonic architectural work in general. The assessment of the ancient Egyptian architectural work is based on these factors.Summary and recommendations: After studying the factors affecting the architectural design, and how they are used in assessing ancient Egyptian architectural work, as they are used in evaluating contemporary architectural work, the research recommends that these nine factors are considered to be reference factors that can be used in making comparative studies between the architecture of civilizations or different periods of time. It is also possible to measure the strengths and weaknesses of the architecture of each civilization by knowing the factors that were considered and the other that the architects of this era ignored.By studying the extent to which these factors are respected in the architecture of different historical periods, one can learn about the reasons for the disappearance of the architectural heritage of some civilizations, and the survival of this heritage in other civilizations.Indirectly, he explained the interest of the ancient Egyptian architect in all these factors affecting the architectural design, and its use of it as design determinants, which gave his architecture immortality and survival and kept it inspiring for its long times.

Keywords

• architectural design; pharaonic architecture; design determinants