Benefits and risks of application of non-metallic composites as an alternative to steel reinforcement in concrete elements

Abstract

The paper presents an overview of possible alternative reinforcement solutions to the most popular steel reinforcement currently used for concrete elements. Particular emphasis was placed on the use of composite reinforcement, taking into account the types of components concerned, possible applications and presenting an analysis of the risks and opportunities facing the construction industry related to the use of this type of reinforcement. In addition, an analysis of the material parameters taking into account the division of composite reinforcement due to the different types of fibers used in their production is presented. The paper also presents a comparative analysis of the parameters of steel and composite reinforcement, among others: tensile strength, susceptibility to corrosion, compressive and bending strength, fire resistance. It also analysed the needs of the construction market in the search for alternative concrete reinforcement in reinforced concrete structures, particularly in the context of recent events such as the Covid-19 pandemic and armed conflicts, which disrupt the supply chain and force the search for alternative materials that can replace reinforced steel. The availability of standards and instructions for the design of concrete elements and the related responsibilities of structural designers were analysed, identifying the research directions necessary to popularize and ensure the safety of the design of concrete elements with the use of alternative material solutions – in particular composite reinforcement in concrete slabs.