The role of rootstocks for grape growing adaptation to climate change. Meta-analysis of the research conducted in Spanish viticulture
Luis Gonzaga Santesteban,
Isabel Rekarte,
Nazareth Torres,
Mónica Galar,
Ana Villa-Llop,
Fernando Visconti,
Diego S. Intrigliolo,
José M. Escalona,
Felicidad De Herralde,
Carlos Miranda
Affiliations
Luis Gonzaga Santesteban
Dpt. of Agronomy, Biotechnology and Food, Public University of Navarre (UPNA), Campus Arrosadia, Pamplona, Spain - Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology (IMAB), Pamplona, Spain
Isabel Rekarte
Dpt. of Agronomy, Biotechnology and Food, Public University of Navarre (UPNA), Campus Arrosadia, Pamplona, Spain
Nazareth Torres
Dpt. of Agronomy, Biotechnology and Food, Public University of Navarre (UPNA), Campus Arrosadia, Pamplona, Spain - Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology (IMAB), Pamplona, Spain
Mónica Galar
Dpt. of Agronomy, Biotechnology and Food, Public University of Navarre (UPNA), Campus Arrosadia, Pamplona, Spain
Ana Villa-Llop
Dpt. of Agronomy, Biotechnology and Food, Public University of Navarre (UPNA), Campus Arrosadia, Pamplona, Spain - Vitis Navarra Nursery, Larraga, Spain
Fernando Visconti
Desertification Research Centre-CIDE (CSIC, UVEG, GVA), Moncada, València, Spain
Diego S. Intrigliolo
Desertification Research Centre-CIDE (CSIC, UVEG, GVA), Moncada, València, Spain
José M. Escalona
Dpt. of Biology, University of Balearic Islands (UIB), Palma, Spain - Plant Biology and Environment, Agro-Environmental and Water Economics Institute—University of Balearic Islands (INAGEA—UIB), Palma, Spain
Felicidad De Herralde
Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), Torre Marimon, Caldes de Montbui, Barcelona, Spain
Carlos Miranda
Dpt. of Agronomy, Biotechnology and Food, Public University of Navarre (UPNA), Campus Arrosadia, Pamplona, Spain - Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology (IMAB), Pamplona, Spain
Rootstock election is one of the key decisions when designing a vineyard. Although the research performed to determine the effect they induce in the behaviour of scion varieties is not scarce, it is not easy to have a global idea, as results are usually published scattered. In this work, we re-examine previous research conducted in Spain on rootstock implications on vine agronomic performance through the performance of a meta-analysis (MA). As a result, we were able to integrate the information reported in 20 articles that included rootstock experimentation conducted with 36 different varieties and 47 different rootstocks, totalling 764 individual records. However, when the information was filtered before the meta-analysis, this number decreased to 312 records, for which rootstock Response Ratios (RR) were calculated. The characteristics conferred by the rootstock were more closely related to the rootstock itself, rather than to the characteristics of the Vitis sp. crossing used to create the rootstock. Several rootstocks were identified as more suitable for adapting to future climate change conditions, as far as they were able to moderate sugar accumulation and pH (161-49 C, 41-B MGt and 420A MGt). Meanwhile, 140 Ru and 5-BB were observed to provide high pH and sugar contents despite their high yield. In conclusion, despite being based on data from a single country, the meta-analysis was shown to be a useful tool for enhancing the value of previous research on rootstocks. Combining articles from both peer-reviewed and technical journals helped in the assessment of the implications of different rootstocks, although further steps should be taken to facilitate data integration (harmonisation of measurement and reporting procedures, open data repositories, etc).
