Nature Communications (Jul 2023)

Tumor-derived GDF-15 blocks LFA-1 dependent T cell recruitment and suppresses responses to anti-PD-1 treatment

  • Markus Haake,
  • Beatrice Haack,
  • Tina Schäfer,
  • Patrick N. Harter,
  • Greta Mattavelli,
  • Patrick Eiring,
  • Neha Vashist,
  • Florian Wedekink,
  • Sabrina Genssler,
  • Birgitt Fischer,
  • Julia Dahlhoff,
  • Fatemeh Mokhtari,
  • Anastasia Kuzkina,
  • Marij J. P. Welters,
  • Tamara M. Benz,
  • Lena Sorger,
  • Vincent Thiemann,
  • Giovanni Almanzar,
  • Martina Selle,
  • Klara Thein,
  • Jacob Späth,
  • Maria Cecilia Gonzalez,
  • Carmen Reitinger,
  • Andrea Ipsen-Escobedo,
  • Kilian Wistuba-Hamprecht,
  • Kristin Eichler,
  • Katharina Filipski,
  • Pia S. Zeiner,
  • Rudi Beschorner,
  • Renske Goedemans,
  • Falk Hagen Gogolla,
  • Hubert Hackl,
  • Rogier W. Rooswinkel,
  • Alexander Thiem,
  • Paula Romer Roche,
  • Hemant Joshi,
  • Dirk Pühringer,
  • Achim Wöckel,
  • Joachim E. Diessner,
  • Manfred Rüdiger,
  • Eugen Leo,
  • Phil F. Cheng,
  • Mitchell P. Levesque,
  • Matthias Goebeler,
  • Markus Sauer,
  • Falk Nimmerjahn,
  • Christine Schuberth-Wagner,
  • Stefanie von Felten,
  • Michel Mittelbronn,
  • Matthias Mehling,
  • Andreas Beilhack,
  • Sjoerd H. van der Burg,
  • Angela Riedel,
  • Benjamin Weide,
  • Reinhard Dummer,
  • Jörg Wischhusen

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-39817-3
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 14, no. 1
pp. 1 – 19

Abstract

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Abstract Immune checkpoint blockade therapy is beneficial and even curative for some cancer patients. However, the majority don’t respond to immune therapy. Across different tumor types, pre-existing T cell infiltrates predict response to checkpoint-based immunotherapy. Based on in vitro pharmacological studies, mouse models and analyses of human melanoma patients, we show that the cytokine GDF-15 impairs LFA-1/β2-integrin-mediated adhesion of T cells to activated endothelial cells, which is a pre-requisite of T cell extravasation. In melanoma patients, GDF-15 serum levels strongly correlate with failure of PD-1-based immune checkpoint blockade therapy. Neutralization of GDF-15 improves both T cell trafficking and therapy efficiency in murine tumor models. Thus GDF-15, beside its known role in cancer-related anorexia and cachexia, emerges as a regulator of T cell extravasation into the tumor microenvironment, which provides an even stronger rationale for therapeutic anti-GDF-15 antibody development.