CD4+ T cell help creates memory CD8+ T cells with innate and help-independent recall capacities

Abstract

Help from CD4+ T cells is important to induce CD8+ T cell memory responses, but mechanistic insights are lacking. Here, the authors show, by transcriptomics and epigenetics, how CD4+ T cells help program memory CD8+ T cells for help-independent recall by antigens, as well as for innate-like recall responses by IL-12/IL-18 and promoting survival by IL-15.