Association between Poor Sleep Quality with Anxiety and Depression Scores among Patients with Urological Cancers

Abstract

Background and Objective: It has been postulated that patients with cancer experience various degrees of poor sleep quality at different points of disease courses. On the other hand, a high proportion of patients with cancer present symp-toms of anxiety and depression. The purpose of the study was to assess the association of sleep quality with anxiety and depression in patients with urological cancers. Materials and Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional study performed in the Cancer Registry Center at Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, in 2019-2020. For eligible patients, demographic data were collected from their records, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A), and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) were completed for each patient. Results: The mean + SD age of participants was 64.1 ± 14.5 years, and the most of patients were male (90.1%). In total, 142 patients were enrolled in the study, and 92 patients (64.8%) were categorized as patients with poor sleep quality. The mean global score was 7.85 ± 3.94, and the mean of anxiety and depression was 10.85 ± 6.80 and 15.30 ± 4.90, respectively. The regression analysis showed that for one-unit increase in sleep quality score, the anxiety score signifi-cantly increased by 0.98 unit [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.74-1.22, P < 0.001], and for depression significantly increased by 0.69 unit (95% CI: 0.52-0.87, P < 0.001). Conclusion: More than half of our patients suffer from poor sleep quality, associated with anxiety and depression symptoms.

Keywords

• Sleep quality; Anxiety; Depression; Cancer; Urology