The Effects of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Raspberry fruit on Pain and Passive Avoidance Memory Following Transient Global Ischemia/Reperfusion in Wistar Rats

Abstract

Background: Brain ischemia is one of the leading causes of death and physical disability worldwide. Flavonoids found in Raspberry fruit (RF) play an important role against oxidative stress injuries in the biological systems. Objective: The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of RF on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced brain injury in rats. Methods: In the present experimental study, 42 wistar adult male rats weighing 200–250 g were divided into six groups as sham operated (Sh), ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) received normal saline (I+Veh), I/R groups treated with RF extract (I+RF, 50, 100, or 200 mg/kg, IP, respectively). The global cerebral I/R was induced by occluding bilateral common carotid arteries for 30 min, followed by reperfusion. Behavioral test performed with shuttle box and analgesia test performed with tail flick test. Results: Administration of RF extract 50, 100, or 200 mg/kg doses increased passive avoidance memory significantly (P<0.05). In addition, RF extract delayed the emergence of painful reflux in tail flick test significantly (P<0.05). Conclusion: Results of this study showed that RF extract possesses protective effects against pain and memory deficits induced by I/R, which may be due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.

Keywords

• cerebral ischemia/reperfusion
• memory
• pain
• raspberry fruit