Pustular Psoriasis and Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis

Abstract

The similarity between pustular psoriasis (PP) and acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) poses problems in the diagnosis and treatment of these two conditions. Significant clinical and histopathologic overlap exists between PP and AGEP. PP is an inflammatory disorder that has numerous clinical subtypes, but all with sterile pustules composed of neutrophils. AGEP is a severe cutaneous adverse reaction that is also characterized by non-follicular sterile pustules. Clinical features that suggest a diagnosis of PP over AGEP include a history of psoriasis and the presence of scaling plaques. Histologically, eosinophilic spongiosis, vacuolar interface dermatitis, and dermal eosinophilia favor a diagnosis of AGEP over PP. Importantly, PP and AGEP vary in clinical course and treatment. PP treatment involves topical steroids, oral retinoids, and systemic immunosuppressants. Newer therapies targeting IL-36, IL-23, IL-1, and PDE-4 have been investigated. The removal of the offending agent is a crucial part of the treatment of AGEP.

Keywords

• pustular psoriasis
• acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis
• severe cutaneous adverse reaction
• chronic inflammatory disorder