The Astrophysical Journal Letters (Jan 2024)
Characterizing the Ordinary Broad-line Type Ic SN 2023pel from the Energetic GRB 230812B
- Gokul P. Srinivasaragavan,
- Vishwajeet Swain,
- Brendan O’Connor,
- Shreya Anand,
- Tomás Ahumada,
- Daniel Perley,
- Robert Stein,
- Jesper Sollerman,
- Christoffer Fremling,
- S. Bradley Cenko,
- S. Antier,
- Nidhal Guessoum,
- Thomas Hussenot-Desenonges,
- Patrice Hello,
- Stephen Lesage,
- Erica Hammerstein,
- M. Coleman Miller,
- Igor Andreoni,
- Varun Bhalerao,
- Joshua S. Bloom,
- Anirban Dutta,
- Avishay Gal-Yam,
- K-Ryan Hinds,
- Amruta Jaodand,
- Mansi Kasliwal,
- Harsh Kumar,
- Alexander S. Kutyrev,
- Fabio Ragosta,
- Vikram Ravi,
- Kritti Sharma,
- Rishabh Singh Teja,
- Sheng Yang,
- G. C. Anupama,
- Eric C. Bellm,
- Michael W. Coughlin,
- Ashish A. Mahabal,
- Frank J. Masci,
- Utkarsh Pathak,
- Josiah Purdum,
- Oliver J. Roberts,
- Roger Smith,
- Avery Wold
Affiliations
- Gokul P. Srinivasaragavan
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland , College Park, MD 20742, USA ; [email protected]; Joint Space-Science Institute, University of Maryland , College Park, MD 20742, USA; Astrophysics Science Division, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , 8800 Greenbelt Road, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Vishwajeet Swain
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Powai, 400 076, India
- Brendan O’Connor
- ORCiD
- McWilliams Center for Cosmology, Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Shreya Anand
- ORCiD
- Division of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Tomás Ahumada
- ORCiD
- Division of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Daniel Perley
- ORCiD
- Astrophysics Research Institute, Liverpool John Moores University , Liverpool Science Park, 146 Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L3 5RF, UK
- Robert Stein
- ORCiD
- Division of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Jesper Sollerman
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, The Oskar Klein Center, Stockholm University , AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
- Christoffer Fremling
- ORCiD
- Division of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; Caltech Optical Observatories, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- S. Bradley Cenko
- ORCiD
- Joint Space-Science Institute, University of Maryland , College Park, MD 20742, USA; Astrophysics Science Division, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , 8800 Greenbelt Road, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- S. Antier
- ORCiD
- Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, Université Côte d’Azur , Boulevard de l’Observatoire, F-06304 Nice, France
- Nidhal Guessoum
- ORCiD
- Physics Department, American University of Sharjah , Sharjah, UAE
- Thomas Hussenot-Desenonges
- ORCiD
- IJCLab, Univ Paris-Saclay , CNRS/IN2P3, Orsay, France
- Patrice Hello
- IJCLab, Univ Paris-Saclay , CNRS/IN2P3, Orsay, France
- Stephen Lesage
- ORCiD
- Center for Space Plasma and Aeronomic Research, University of Alabama in Huntsville , Huntsville, AL 35899, USA; University of Alabama in Huntsville , 320 Sparkman Drive, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA
- Erica Hammerstein
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland , College Park, MD 20742, USA ; [email protected]
- M. Coleman Miller
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland , College Park, MD 20742, USA ; [email protected]; Joint Space-Science Institute, University of Maryland , College Park, MD 20742, USA; Astrophysics Science Division, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , 8800 Greenbelt Road, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA; Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology , NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Igor Andreoni
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland , College Park, MD 20742, USA ; [email protected]; Joint Space-Science Institute, University of Maryland , College Park, MD 20742, USA; Astrophysics Science Division, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , 8800 Greenbelt Road, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Varun Bhalerao
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Powai, 400 076, India
- Joshua S. Bloom
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of California , Berkeley, CA 94720-3411, USA; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 50B-4206, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Anirban Dutta
- ORCiD
- Indian Institute of Astrophysics , 2nd Block 100 Feet Road, Koramangala Bangalore, 560 034, India
- Avishay Gal-Yam
- ORCiD
- Department of Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Weizmann Institute of Science , 76100 Rehovot, Israel
- K-Ryan Hinds
- ORCiD
- Astrophysics Research Institute, Liverpool John Moores University , Liverpool Science Park, 146 Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L3 5RF, UK
- Amruta Jaodand
- ORCiD
- Division of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Mansi Kasliwal
- ORCiD
- Division of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Harsh Kumar
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Powai, 400 076, India; Harvard College Observatory, Harvard University , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02158, USA
- Alexander S. Kutyrev
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland , College Park, MD 20742, USA ; [email protected]; Astrophysics Science Division, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , 8800 Greenbelt Road, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Fabio Ragosta
- ORCiD
- INAF , Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, via Frascati 33, I-00078 Monte Porzio Catone (RM), Italy
- Vikram Ravi
- ORCiD
- Division of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Kritti Sharma
- ORCiD
- Division of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Rishabh Singh Teja
- ORCiD
- Indian Institute of Astrophysics , 2nd Block 100 Feet Road, Koramangala Bangalore, 560 034, India
- Sheng Yang
- ORCiD
- Henan Academy of Sciences , Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, People's Republic of China
- G. C. Anupama
- ORCiD
- Indian Institute of Astrophysics , 2nd Block 100 Feet Road, Koramangala Bangalore, 560 034, India
- Eric C. Bellm
- ORCiD
- DIRAC Institute, Department of Astronomy, University of Washington , 3910 15th Avenue NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Michael W. Coughlin
- ORCiD
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Ashish A. Mahabal
- Division of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; IPAC, California Institute of Technology , 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Frank J. Masci
- ORCiD
- IPAC, California Institute of Technology , 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Utkarsh Pathak
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Powai, 400 076, India
- Josiah Purdum
- ORCiD
- Caltech Optical Observatories, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Oliver J. Roberts
- ORCiD
- Science and Technology Institute, Universities Space and Research Association , 320 Sparkman Drive, Huntsville, AL 35805, USA
- Roger Smith
- ORCiD
- Caltech Optical Observatories, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Avery Wold
- ORCiD
- IPAC, California Institute of Technology , 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ad16e7
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 960,
no. 2
p. L18
Abstract
We report observations of the optical counterpart of the long gamma-ray burst (GRB) GRB 230812B and its associated supernova (SN) SN 2023pel. The proximity ( z = 0.36) and high energy ( E _γ _,iso ∼ 10 ^53 erg) make it an important event to study as a probe of the connection between massive star core collapse and relativistic jet formation. With a phenomenological power-law model for the optical afterglow, we find a late-time flattening consistent with the presence of an associated SN. SN 2023pel has an absolute peak r -band magnitude of M _r = −19.46 ± 0.18 mag (about as bright as SN 1998bw) and evolves on quicker timescales. Using a radioactive heating model, we derive a nickel mass powering the SN of M _Ni = 0.38 ± 0.01 M _⊙ and a peak bolometric luminosity of L _bol ∼ 1.3 × 10 ^43 erg s ^−1 . We confirm SN 2023pel’s classification as a broad-line Type Ic SN with a spectrum taken 15.5 days after its peak in the r band and derive a photospheric expansion velocity of v _ph = 11,300 ± 1600 km s ^−1 at that phase. Extrapolating this velocity to the time of maximum light, we derive the ejecta mass M _ej = 1.0 ± 0.6 M _⊙ and kinetic energy ${E}_{\mathrm{KE}}={1.3}_{-1.2}^{+3.3}\times {10}^{51}\,\mathrm{erg}$ . We find that GRB 230812B/SN 2023pel has SN properties that are mostly consistent with the overall GRB-SN population. The lack of correlations found in the GRB-SN population between SN brightness and E _γ _,iso for their associated GRBs across a broad range of 7 orders of magnitude provides further evidence that the central engine powering the relativistic ejecta is not coupled to the SN powering mechanism in GRB-SN systems.
Keywords
