Evaluation of our type 1 diabetes mellitus patients

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: In this retrospective study, we aimed to identify demographic characteristics, age at onset, metabolic control status, findings at diagnosis and comorbid conditions in patients (aged 0-18 years) with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM). METHODS: The study included 101 patients aged 0-18 years with previous or recent diagnosis of type 1 DM based on WHO criteria who were followed in pediatric endocrinology department of X University, Medicine School. RESULTS: Of the patients with type 1 DM, there were 43 girls (42.6%) and 58 boys (57.4%). Mean age at diagnosis was 8.3 +- 8.0 years (min-max: 1-16 years). At the time of presentation, there was diabetic ketoacidosis in 51.6%, hyperglycemia in 27.7% and ketonemia in 20.7% of the patients. Celiac disease was detected in 6 patients with type 1 DM (%5.9) while no comorbid autoimmune disease was detected in 95 patients (94.1%). Diabetic nephropathy developed in 2 children with type 1 DM (1.9%) while no chronic complication of diabetes mellitus was observed in 99 children (98.1%). Metabolic control was considered to be good in 8 (7.9%), moderate in 29 (28.7%) and poor in 64 of children (63.4%). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: In our study, it was found that type 1 DM was more prevalent among boys compared to girls; that ketoacidosis was more frequently seen at the time of diagnosis; that the onset of diagnosis had 2 peaks under 5 years of age and at early puberty; that most common comorbid disease was celiac disease; and that most common chronic complication was nephropathy.

Keywords

• type 1 diabetes mellitus
• child
• epidemiological
• demographic characteristics