Type 2 diabetes mellitus and cerebrospinal fluid Alzheimer's disease biomarker amyloid β1‐42 in Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative participants

Abstract

Abstract Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amyloid β (Aβ) 1‐42 is an important Alzheimer's disease biomarker. However, it is inconclusive on how T2DM is related to CSF Aβ1‐42. Methods Participants with T2DM were selected from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative by searching keywords from the medical history database. A two‐way analysis of covariance model was used to analyze how T2DM associates with CSF Aβ1‐42 or cerebral cortical Aβ. Results CSF Aβ1‐42 was higher in the T2DM group than the nondiabetic group. The inverse relation between CSF Aβ1‐42 and cerebral cortical Aβ was independent of T2DM status. Participants with T2DM had a lower cerebral cortical Aβ in anterior cingulate, precuneus, and temporal lobe than controls. Discussion T2DM is positively associated with CSF Aβ1‐42 but negatively with cerebral cortical Aβ. The decreased cerebral cortical Aβ associated with T2DM is preferentially located in certain brain regions.

Keywords

• Amyloid β
• Aβ1‐42
• Alzheimer's disease
• Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
• Type 2 diabetes mellitus