Fine needle aspiration cytology of myeloid sarcoma presenting as soft tissue swelling

Abstract

Myeloid sarcoma is rare. It is a tumor of immature myeloid cells. We present one such case where the patient presented with a soft tissue swelling in the thigh. The fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was reported as myeloid sarcoma. Simultaneously, the patient was subjected to routine hematological examination which revealed chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase. The diagnosis was further confirmed by bone marrow aspiration and cytogenetic study. This case emphasizes FNAC as the easy, rapid, and cost-effective method of diagnosis. The patient was subsequently treated and is currently under follow-up. Hereby, we are presenting an uncommon case of myeloid sarcoma with brief literature review and discussion about the differential diagnoses.

Keywords

• Chronic myeloid leukemia
• fine needle aspiration cytology
• myeloid sarcoma
• soft tissue swelling