Effects of water deficit regimes on yield components and berry composition of ‘Black Kishmish’ under Mediterranean region

Abstract

The effects of different irrigation treatments on yield components and berry composition of ‘Black Kismish’ table grape were investigated in this study. Research was carried out in the experimental vineyards of Viticulture Research Institute, Manisa, Türkiye. Research took place for three consecutive (2015-2016-2017) years and three treatments were compared: T100 (control) irrigated to the field capacity, T65 and T35 irrigated 65% and 35% of T100 treatment, respectively. It was determined that yield value obtained by Full Irrigation was 11% and 18% higher than T65 and T35, respectively. In addition, some of the bio-active compounds such as total anthocyanin content, total phenolic compounds, total flavonoid content, antioxidant capacity and maturity parameters were increased with water stress. Also, color index of red grapes increased with deficit irrigation treatments. As a result, to ensure optimum yield and quality in Manisa conditions, it was determined that table grape growing without irrigation was not suitable and the irrigation requirement of the grapevine should be fully supplied during the growing season for high grape yield. When the water footprint and functional food concepts were taken into consideration, water deficit treatments (T65 and T35) became prominent due to the use of less water and higher nutrient content of the grapes obtained.