The Effect of Preprocedural Low-Dose Ketamine for Pain and Anxiety in Patients during Thoracic Epidural Catheterization
Onur Küçük,
Esra Sarı,
Musa Zengin,
Gülay Ülger,
Fatma Öztürk Yalçın,
Ramazan Baldemir,
Mehtap Tunç,
Ali Alagöz
Affiliations
Onur Küçük
Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Ankara Atatürk Sanatoryum Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, 06290 Ankara, Turkey
Esra Sarı
Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Ankara Atatürk Sanatoryum Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, 06290 Ankara, Turkey
Musa Zengin
Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Ankara Etlik City Hospital, Ministry of Health, 06170 Ankara, Turkey
Gülay Ülger
Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Ankara Atatürk Sanatoryum Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, 06290 Ankara, Turkey
Fatma Öztürk Yalçın
Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Ankara Atatürk Sanatoryum Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, 06290 Ankara, Turkey
Ramazan Baldemir
Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Ankara Atatürk Sanatoryum Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, 06290 Ankara, Turkey
Mehtap Tunç
Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Ankara Atatürk Sanatoryum Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, 06290 Ankara, Turkey
Ali Alagöz
Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Ankara Atatürk Sanatoryum Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, 06290 Ankara, Turkey
Background and Objectives: Thoracic epidural catheterization (TEC) can be both uncomfortable and fearful for patients when performed awake with the thought that the procedure may be painful. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of low-dose intravenous ketamine administration on pain and anxiety during the TEC procedure. Materials and Methods: Sixty patients were randomly divided into two groups to receive intravenous (IV) placebo (Group P) and IV low-dose (0.15 mg/kg) ketamine (LDK) (Group K) 3 min before the procedure in a double-blind manner. A visual analog scale (VAS) was used to measure anxiety (VAS-A) and pain (VAS-P) scores. Vital parameters were monitored before premedication (T1), 20 min after premedication (T2), during skin anesthesia (T3), during TEC (T4), and 5 min after TEC (T5). VAS-A values were recorded at T1, T3, T4, and T5 periods, and VAS-P levels were noted at T3, T4, and T5 periods. Results: During TEC (T4), both VAS-P and VAS-A were significantly lower in Group K (p p p p p p = 0.007). Conclusions: A preprocedural LDK (0.15 mg/kg) can effectively prevent anxiety and pain experienced by patients during the TEC procedure. Administration of LDK may provide a more comfortable procedure process without causing ketamine-induced side effects (hemodynamic, respiratory, and psychological).
