Archéologie féministe : histoire, politique et actions (Norvège, États-Unis, France)

Abstract

Women scientists tend to disappear from history: their contributions are often minimised, forgotten or erased. In the late 1980s and the early 1990s, several archaeologists based in Norway and the United States worked on rehabilitating these women, and more generally people from different minority groups, and on bringing their research to light. From the late 1970s to the late 1990s, these studies documented the gendered division of labour, salary inequalities, differences in promotion, degrees, fellowships, and publications. From the late 1990s onwards, research focused on new themes such as gender and sexual violence, menstruation, pregnancy and maternity in the field, as well as discriminations faced by racialised, homosexual, bisexual, transgender and/or disabled people. French archaeologists lagged behind on these issues until the 2010s. Since 2017, the collective Paye ta Truelle has been bringing feminist critique in the field and about the field in French-speaking research. This article shows that feminist thought, by questioning society, has also contributed to questioning research in archaeology and history, whether in Norway, the United States or France.