A case of anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-immunoglobulin G (IgG) associated disorder (MOGAD) with clinical manifestations of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: Secondary to mycoplasma pneumoniae infection
Xiangui Huang,
Rui Guo,
Chunhong Li,
Xingjiang Long,
Tong Yang,
Xianliang Hou,
Xiaohong Wei,
Minglin Ou
Affiliations
Xiangui Huang
Department of Paediatrics, Liuzhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, P. R. 545006, China
Rui Guo
Department of Radiology, Liuzhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, P. R. 545006, China
Chunhong Li
Central Laboratory, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism Disorders, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, P. R. 541199, China
Xingjiang Long
Department of Paediatrics, Liuzhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, P. R. 545006, China
Tong Yang
Department of Paediatrics, Liuzhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, P. R. 545006, China
Xianliang Hou
Central Laboratory, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism Disorders, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, P. R. 541199, China
Xiaohong Wei
Department of Paediatrics, Liuzhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, P. R. 545006, China
Minglin Ou
Central Laboratory, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism Disorders, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, P. R. 541199, China; Corresponding author.
Anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-immunoglobulin G (IgG) associated disorder (MOGAD) is an immune-mediated central nervous system (CNS) inflammatory demyelinating disorder that has been widely recognized in recent years. It is distinct from multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), which are separate disease spectrums. Here we report the case of a 5-year-old boy who was admitted for 3 days with fever, headache, and vomiting. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed abnormal hyperintensity in the left thalamus and positive serum IgM for M. pneumoniae. After treatment with azithromycin, the headache gradually disappeared, but paralysis and urinary retention occurred on the 6th day after admission. MRI re-examination showed that the original abnormal signal in the left thalamus was significantly weakened, but new abnormal signals appeared in the brain and cerebrospinal cord, and the serum MOG-IgG was positive. After treatment, the child has fully recovered and is still receiving follow-up care. We believe that this is a case of MOGAD in a child with a biphasic ADEM phenotype secondary to M. pneumoniae infection, which has potential value in elucidating the pathophysiology of MOGAD.
