Bagcilar Medical Bulletin (Mar 2023)
The Analysis of Serum Calcium and Urine Calcium/Creatinine Ratio in Diagnosis of Preeclampsia
Abstract
Objective:Preeclampsia is one of the primary reasons for maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Maternal and fetal complications can be prevented by early diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of preeclampsia. This study aimed to determine the clinical diagnostic value of serum calcium (Ca) levels and urinary calcium/creatinine (Ca/cr) ratio in preeclampsia.Method:A retrospective study was conducted on a sample population of 183 pregnant patients diagnosed with preeclampsia who delivered singleton babies at the Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Şişli Etfal Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey, between January 2010 and January 2012. The patients were divided into two groups. Group 1: Preeclampsia; group 2: Preeclampsia with severe features. Serum Ca levels and urinary Ca/cr ratios of the patients were evaluated and compared.Results:Hypocalcemia rates were higher in group 2 (93%) than in group 1 (58%). There was a statistically significant difference between the distribution of patients in the two groups according to serum Ca levels (28.339; 1; p=0.0001). The urinary Ca/cr ratios were lower in group 2 due to the decreased Ca extraction (58.481;1; p<0.0001). The mean Ca/cr ratio was 0.032 in group 2 and 0.11 in group 1.Conclusion:Low serum Ca levels were detected in preeclamptic patients, and as the severity of preeclampsia increased, the Ca/cr ratio decreased due to decreased urinary Ca excretion. These findings were more significant for group 1; however, beyond a certain threshold, lower serum Ca levels and urinary Ca/cr ratio did not diagnose preeclampsia with severe features in group 2.
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