Higher Dynamic Balance Performance Was Associated With Cognitive Function Among U.S. Community-Dwelling Low-Income Older Adults

Abstract

Introduction Multiple studies have reported the association between balance performance and cognitive function among older adults. However, few studies have been conducted in low-income settings. Objectives This cross-sectional study examined the relationships of dynamic and static balance with cognitive function in community-dwelling low-income older adults in Orlando, Florida. Methods Dynamic balance was assessed with a Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) and static balance with BTracks Balance System. Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale (RUDAS) assessed cognition and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 assessed depressive symptoms. Results Multiple regression analysis showed dynamic balance was significantly associated with cognition, but static balance was not, controlling for depressive symptoms ( N = 89, M age = 72.70, SD ± 6.95; females = 79). Specifically, higher dynamic balance was associated with better cognitive function. Cognitively healthy participants (RUDAS scores ≥23) scored 2.526 points higher in SPPB than those with possible cognitive impairment (RUDAS scores <23). Conclusions Findings provide the evidence to suggest dynamic balance and cognitive function health disparities affecting older adults from low-income community. By implication, dynamic balance and cognitive function should be part of routine screening with older adults living in low-income communities.