Preparation of Dashanzha Wan by three-dimensional printing

Abstract

Objective: To use three-dimensional (3D) printing technology to prepare Dashanzha Wan. Methods: The standard formula proportion of Dashanzha Wan was used to prepare printable materials (normally called the ink) for 3D printing, and different doses and shapes of Dashanzha Wan were prepared. Then, the rheological properties, texture characteristics, scanning electron microscopy, and content of ursolic acid were evaluated. Results: Dashanzha Wan ink showed good shear thinning properties, which is very suitable for 3D printing. The printed sample had a beautiful and regular shape with high resolution. Meanwhile, ursolic acid content in 3D-printed Dashanzha Wan aligned with the ursolic acid content shown in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China 2020. Conclusion: The 3D-printed Dashanzha Wan has a better texture, and can be shaped into various shapes according to individual needs, which would increase patients’ interest when taking medicine. Moreover, 3D printing of Dashanzha Wan could be easily integrated into the digital life system, enabling online customization or use at home. This study reveals that 3D printing technology is a promising method for the production of traditional Chinese medicine with personalized appearance, dosage, and texture, which is suitable for a broader population.

Keywords

• Three-dimensional printing
• Dashanzha Wan
• Customized appearance
• Rheological properties
• Textural analysis
• Microstructure observation