Bioactivity of Fractions and Pure Compounds from <i>Jatropha cordata</i> (Ortega) Müll. Arg. Bark Extracts
Yazmín B. Jiménez-Nevárez,
Julio Montes-Avila,
Miguel Angel Angulo-Escalante,
Ninfa Yaret Nolasco-Quintana,
Judith González Christen,
Israel Hurtado-Díaz,
Eber Addí Quintana-Obregón,
J. Basilio Heredia,
José Benigno Valdez-Torres,
Laura Alvarez
Affiliations
Yazmín B. Jiménez-Nevárez
Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Carretera Eldorado km 5.5, Campo El Diez, Culiacán 80110, Mexico
Julio Montes-Avila
Programa de Posgrado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Culiacán 80010, Mexico
Miguel Angel Angulo-Escalante
Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Carretera Eldorado km 5.5, Campo El Diez, Culiacán 80110, Mexico
Ninfa Yaret Nolasco-Quintana
Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca 62209, Mexico
Judith González Christen
Laboratorio de Inmunidad Innata, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca 62206, Mexico
Israel Hurtado-Díaz
Departamento de Madera Celulosa y Papel, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, km 15.5 Guadalajara-Nogales, Las Agujas, Zapopan 45100, Mexico
Eber Addí Quintana-Obregón
CONACYT—Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas, No. 46, Col. La Victoria, Hermosillo 83304, Mexico
J. Basilio Heredia
Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Carretera Eldorado km 5.5, Campo El Diez, Culiacán 80110, Mexico
José Benigno Valdez-Torres
Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Carretera Eldorado km 5.5, Campo El Diez, Culiacán 80110, Mexico
Laura Alvarez
Programa de Posgrado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Culiacán 80010, Mexico
Medicines for chronic inflammation can cause gastric ulcers and hepatic and renal issues. An alternative treatment for chronic inflammation is that of natural bioactive compounds, which present low side effects. Extracts of Jatropha cordata (Ortega) Müll. Arg. have been evaluated for their cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory activity; however, testing pure compounds would be of greater interest. Campesteryl palmitate, n-heptyl ferulate, palmitic acid, and a mixture of sterols, i.e., brassicasterol, campesterol, β-sitosterol, and stigmasterol, were obtained from an ethyl acetate extract from J. cordata (Ortega) Müll. Arg. bark using column chromatography. The toxicity and in vitro anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated using RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells. None of the products assessed exhibited toxicity. The sterol mixture exhibited greater anti-inflammatory activity than the positive control, and nitric oxide (NO) inhibition percentages were 37.97% and 41.68% at 22.5 μg/mL and 30 μg/mL, respectively. In addition, n-heptyl ferulate decreased NO by 30.61% at 30 μg/mL, while campesteryl palmitate did not show anti-inflammatory activity greater than the positive control. The mixture and n-heptyl ferulate showed NO inhibition; hence, we may conclude that these compounds have anti-inflammatory potential. Additionally, further research and clinical trials are needed to fully explore the therapeutic potential of these bioactive compounds and their efficacy in treating chronic inflammation.
