Case Reports in Oncology (Jun 2021)
Leptomeningeal Carcinomatosis of Metastatic Primary Prostate Cancer
Abstract
Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis (LC) is an uncommon complication of cancer in which the disease metastasizes to the meninges; it is estimated that this occurs in 5% of cancer patients and is most often terminal. LC has a median survival time of approximately 15.7 weeks [Leal et al., Curr Cancer Ther Rev. 2011;7(4):319–27]. Furthermore, metastasis from the prostate is exceptionally rare with only a few cases described in medical literature. Until recently, leptomeningeal disruption was very rare and cerebral involvement was irrelevant [Bubendorf et al., Hum Pathol. 2000;31(5):578–83; Schaller et al., Br J Cancer. 2000;77(12):2386–9]. With improved imaging, diagnostic modalities, and treatment with therapies that do not cross the blood-brain barrier, the incidence of LC has been on the rise [Batool and Kasi, StatPearls, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499862/]. Diagnosis previously relied on biopsy, supported by lumbar puncture findings. We submit a case demonstrating progressive and consistent evidence of LC found on imaging, justifying its acceptance as a diagnostic modality.
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