International Journal of Women's Health (Apr 2021)
Timelines to Cervical Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment at a Tertiary Hospital in Botswana
Abstract
Mercy-Nkuba Nassali,1,2 Tadele Melese,1,2 Jamieson Modimowame,1,2 Badani Moreri-Ntshabele1,2 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana; 2Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Princess Marina Hospital, Gaborone, BotswanaCorrespondence: Mercy-Nkuba NassaliDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Botswana, Private Bag, 00713, Gaborone, BotswanaTel +267 76058947Fax +267 3105979Email [email protected]: To describe the timelines leading to presentation, diagnosis and definitive treatment among cervical cancer patients at a tertiary treatment center in Botswana.Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective study that evaluated timelines to diagnosis and linkage to definitive treatment among cervical cancer patients in Botswana. Medical records of 149 patients admitted at Princess Marina Hospital (PMH) from 2012 to 2014 were reviewed from August 2016 to February 2017. Data collected included socio-demographics, stage of disease at presentation, symptom duration at presentation, diagnosis to definitive treatment interval and treatment outcomes on discharge. STATA 12 was used for data analysis. Frequencies and percentages were used to analyse and present the data. This paper is limited to the analysis of records with documented duration of symptoms, histology turnaround time and the diagnosis to treatment interval.Results: The median duration of symptoms at presentation (N= 80) was 120 days (range 1– 1290). Women who were HIV seropositive, of secondary level education or higher, below 50 years and those with cervical cancer screening history reported shorter duration of symptoms at presentation. Median histopathology turnaround time (N=123) was 27 days (range 3– 274), median diagnosis to definitive chemoradiation interval (N=81) was 89 days (range 16– 305) while median waiting time for surgery (N=7) was 60 days (range 29– 279). Overall, the patients’ journey from the community to definitive treatment was about six months.Conclusion: Delayed cervical cancer diagnosis and treatment is multifactorial and entails a complex interplay between patient health-seeking behavioural patterns, robustness of the patient referral and follow-up mechanisms, availability of prompt histopathology services and relay of results, and timely linkage to definitive care. Prioritization of strategies to address hurdles in all these aspects will not only reduce waiting times but also ensure timely management and improved outcomes among patients with cervical cancer.Keywords: diagnosis, timelines, cervical cancer, Botswana
