The role of prenatal nutrition assistance on the prevalence of night blindness in pregnant adults

Abstract

Introduction: In developing countries, night blindness is a very common public health problem among pregnant women. Objective: Evaluate the effect of the changes occurred on prenatal care concerning prenatal nutritional care on the occurrence of night blindness (XN) in adult pregnant women in public maternity hospital in Rio de Janeiro between 1999-2001 and between 2007-2008. Methods: Two cross-sectional studies were conducted, been the first one conducted between 1999-2001 and the second one between 2007-2008. Were studied 402 puerperal women, 225 between 1999-2001 (GI) and 177 between 2007-2008 (GII). The gestational XN was investigated during the immediate puerperium (GI) and during the prenatal/puerperium (GII), diagnosed by the World Health Organization. The study collected sociodemographic, clinical, obstetric, anthropometric and prenatal care information. Results: It verified significant reduce of prevalence of gestational XN (GI = 18.7% e GII = 0.6%, p 0.05). Conclusion: The inclusion of nutritional care in routine prenatal care may have contributed to the reduction of gestational XN. Studies to assess the nutritional intervention in the prevention and treatment of gestational XN at regions at greatest risk are suggested.

Keywords

• Ceguera nocturna
• Deficiencia de vitamina A
• Nutrición prenatal
• Embarazo