An Unusual Case of Multiple Tendinous Xanthomas Involving the Extremities and the Ears

Abstract

Tendinous and subcutaneous xanthomas are nodular deposits of lipid-filled macrophages, which commonly form on the Achilles tendon, hands, feet, elbows, and knees. These nodules are frequently associated with familial hyperlipidemia, a group of diseases involving impaired cholesterol metabolism, and the accelerated development of atherosclerotic plaques. Since xanthomas may precede the diagnosis of hyperlipidemia, early identification can lead to preventative treatment that reduces the risk and morbidity of cardiovascular disease, including myocardial infarction. This case report presents a 43-year-old African-American male with multiple xanthomas involving the Achilles tendon, soles, hands, knees, elbows, and is associated with the unusual involvement of the ear.

Keywords

• Tendinous xanthomas
• Familial hypercholesterolemia
• Subcutaneous nodules
• Hyperlipidemia