Retrospective analysis of the treatment of 61 cases of chronic spontaneous urticaria with omalizumab

Abstract

Objective To evaluate clinical efficacy of omalizumab in the treatment of chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) by analyzing real-world data. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the data of 61 cases with CSU treated with omalizumab for 3 sessions in Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology from September 2020 to November 2022. Urticaria activity score over 7 days (UAS7) and dermatology life quality index (DLQI) score were used to determine the severity of disease. The changes in UAS7 and DLQI scores over the time were analyzed following the treatment with omalizumab. Patients were grouped according to the UAS7 score, and differences in baseline clinical and laboratory data among patients with different efficacy and response rates were compared. Results A total of 61 patients with CSU were treated with omalizumab for 12 weeks. Following the treatment with omalizumab, UAS7 scores decreased from 28.00 (14.00,35.00) points at baseline to 6.00 (0,14.00) points in the first month, and to 0 (0,4.00) points in the third month. Likewise, DLQI scores decreased from 8.00 (4.00,12.00) points at baseline to 2.00(0,6.50) points in the first month and to 0 (0,2.50) points in the third month. At the end of weeks 4,8,12, UAS7 and DLQI scores were significantly improved compared to the baseline (χ2=110.03, P<0.001; χ2=77.02, P<0.001). After 12-week treatment, symptoms were completely controlled in 59.02% (36/61) of the patients, and markedly improved in 91.80% (56/61) of the patients. The baseline DLQI score in either non-responders or not well-responders was significantly higher than that in well responders (H=-20.74, P=0.042). Conclusion Omalizumab can effectively improve the symptoms and the quality of life of patients with CSU.

Keywords

• chronic spontaneous urticaria
• omalizumab
• efficacy