Stress‐Regulation Design of Mesoporous Carbon Spheres Anodes with Radial Pore Channels Toward Ultrastable Potassium‐Ion Batteries
Shuming Dou,
Qiang Tian,
Tao Liu,
Jie Xu,
Lingyan Jing,
Cuihua Zeng,
Qunhui Yuan,
Yunhua Xu,
Zheng Jia,
Qiong Cai,
Wei-Di Liu,
S. Ravi P. Silva,
Yanan Chen,
Jian Liu
Affiliations
Shuming Dou
School of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of Education Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
Qiang Tian
Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
Tao Liu
Key Laboratory of Soft Machines and Smart Devices of Zhejiang Province Center for X-Mechanics, Department of Engineering Mechanics Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
Jie Xu
School of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of Education Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
Lingyan Jing
Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
Cuihua Zeng
School of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of Education Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
Qunhui Yuan
School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Shenzhen 518055 China
Yunhua Xu
School of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of Education Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
Zheng Jia
Key Laboratory of Soft Machines and Smart Devices of Zhejiang Province Center for X-Mechanics, Department of Engineering Mechanics Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
Qiong Cai
DICP-Surrey Joint Centre for Future Materials Department of Chemical and Process Engineering Advanced Technology Institute University of Surrey Guilford Surrey GU2 7XH UK
Wei-Di Liu
Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of Queensland St Lucia Brisbane Queensland 4072 Australia
S. Ravi P. Silva
DICP-Surrey Joint Centre for Future Materials Department of Chemical and Process Engineering Advanced Technology Institute University of Surrey Guilford Surrey GU2 7XH UK
Yanan Chen
School of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of Education Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
Jian Liu
Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
Electrochemical energy storage (EES) devices are expected to play a critical role in achieving the global target of “carbon neutrality” within the next two decades. Potassium‐ion batteries (KIBs), with the advantages of low cost and high operating voltage, and they could become a major component of the required energy‐material ecosystems. Carbon‐based materials have shown promising properties as anode materials for KIBs. However, the key limitation of carbon anodes lies in the dramatic mechanical stress originating from large volume fluctuation during the (de)potassiation processes, which further results in electrode pulverization and rapid fading of cycling performance. Here, a controllable self‐assembly strategy to synthesize uniform dual‐heteroatom doped mesoporous carbon sphere (DMCS) anodes with unique radial pore channels is reported. This approach features a modified Stöber method combined with the single‐micelle template from the molecule‐level precursor design. The DMCS anodes demonstrate exceptional rate capability and ultrahigh cycling stability with no obvious degradation over 12 000 cycles at 2 A g−1, which is one of the most stable anodes. Furthermore, finite element simulations quantitatively verify the stress‐buffering effect of the DMCS anodes. This work provides a strategy from the perspective of stress evolution regulation for buffering mechanical stress originating from large volume fluctuations in advanced KIBs electrodes.
