A Literature Review of the Rare Coexistence of Central Giant Cell Granuloma with Aneurysmal Bone Cyst: A Case Report

Abstract

Introduction: Central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) is a benign bone tumor that occurs more in young females and anterior of the mandible. It can be unilocular or multilocular with wispy-septation, undulating borders, cortical expansion, and perforation. Central giant cell granuloma in association with other benign lesions of the jaws is named hybrid lesion. An aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) is a rare, rapidly growing benign tumor that is commonly developed in young females and the mandible molar and ramus regions. It is usually a well-defined cyst-like expansile lesion with an internal structure similar to CGC lesions in radiographic features. Case Report: A 17-year-old girl was referred to the radiology department for panoramic radiography at the end of orthodontic treatment. The complete opacification of the right maxillary sinus, root resorption, and periodontal ligament widening was evident in panoramic radiography. Cone-beam computed tomography revealed a soft-tissue mass and displacement of the lateral nasal wall. The lesion was multilocular with wispy septation and ground glass in some parts. On T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging, a heterogeneous mass with low to intermediate signals and fluid-fluid levels were observed. The patient underwent surgical curettage, and the histopathological diagnosis was the coexistence of CGCG and ABC. Conclusion: An unusual view of the coexistence of CGCG and ABC could be a lesion with ground glass pattern calcification. Hybrid lesions with the coexistence of CGCG and ABC are rare, and only six cases are reported in the literature in this regard.

Keywords

• aneurysmal bone cyst
• cone-beam computed tomography
• giant cell granuloma
• jaw disease
• maxillary sinus