Relationship of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular pathology: significance of glycemic control on the way to solving the problem

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is the most frequent cause of death in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients, and diabetes, in turn, significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular pathology, and therefore the implementation of measures for primary and secondary prevention of complications in patients with DM and CVD is a topical direction of modern medicine. In case of diabetes, CVDs occur 2-5 times more frequently than in persons without this pathology. There is also a high risk of developing conditions such as coronary heart disease (CHD), myocardial infarction (MI), arterial hypertension (AH), acute cerebrovascular disease (ACVD). Thus, 69% of patients with DM have dyslipidemia, 80% - AH, 50-75% - diastolic dysfunction, 12-22% - chronic heart failure (CHF). Mortality from MI among patients with DM is 1.5-2 times higher than among people who do not suffer from this disease, both in the acute stage of MI, and in prolonged observation. Therefore, it is necessary to work out a common approach to this problem on behalf of both cardiologists and endocrinologists, and patients, which will improve the quality of treatment and prevent the development of DM complications.Intensive control of glycemia in patients is essential to prevent the development and progression of DM complications, which is proved by a number of fundamental studies presented in this article. Regular and competent self-control by patients allows maintaining normal or close to normal blood glucose levels. It is a reliable, convenient and patient-friendly way to prevent the development of diabetic complications.

Keywords

• diabetes mellitus
• cardiovascular diseases
• arterial hypertension
• chronic heart failure
• glycemic control
• glucose meter