Clinical Nutrition Open Science (Oct 2022)
The effect of resveratrol and quercetin intervention on azoxymethane-induced colon cancer in Rats model
Abstract
Summary: Background: Among gastrointestinal cancers, colon cancer is the fourth leading cause of death in the world, accounting for about 8% of all cancer deaths. Early detection of colon cancer can play an important role in survival in recent years. Although chemotherapy drugs prevent cells from proliferating in certain tissues of the body and induce apoptosis in tumor cells, one of the problems is that treatments for advanced stages of colon cancer have detrimental effects on the patient the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) proposed natural or synthetic substances that can prevent the recurrence of cancer or slow down the progression of cancer as preventative substances with chemical mechanisms. Resveratrol and quercetin are the natural compounds that has biological effects in the prevention and treatment of cancer. Therefore, the purpose of current study was evaluated the effect of quercetin and resveratrol in colon cancer rats. Materials and methods: Fifty-five male Sprague dawley rats were randomly assigned to healthy group, control group, resveratrol group, quercetin group and combination of resveratrol and quercetin treated group. At the fourth week animals received azoxymethane (AOM) (15 mg/kg) subcutaneous as a carcinogenic agent weekly for two consecutive weeks except for healthy group. The resveratrol (8 mg/kg) and quercetin (10 mg/kg) intervention done from two weeks before carcinogenesis induction until week 19 via oral gavage. The effect of resveratrol and quercetin was investigated on apoptosis by M30 antibody, cell proliferation by AgNOR staining, histopathological and histomorphological examination of AOM-induced colon cancer in rats model. Other findings were measured by using a beta-catenin count under a microscope. Result: The highest frequency and highest percentage of nuclear polymorphism scores are observed in the control group, resveratrol, quercetin, and resveratrol + quercetin, respectively. In mucosal stratification the highest frequency and severity of low anomalies are related to resveratrol+ quercetin group and the highest frequency and severity of anomalies are related to control group. Also, in loss of nuclear polarity the highest frequency and low severity of anomalies are related to quercetin group and the highest frequency and severity is related to the control group. In goblet cells the highest frequency and lowest severity of anomalies are related to resveratrol + quercetin group and the highest frequency and severity of anomalies are related to control group. The highest frequency and lowest rate of crypt anomalies is related to resveratrol + quercetin group and the highest frequency and rate of crypt anomaly is related to control group. The highest and lowest mean of M30 expression are in healthy and control group, respectively. The highest and lowest mean of AgNOR are related to control and healthy groups, respectively. Beta-catenin proteins expression was lower in the combination of resveratrol and quercetin group in versus to others group. Conclusion: Intervention of resveratrol and quercetin supplements together can be promising as a therapeutic strategy in future studies for colon cancer.
