Development of Ring-Expansion RAFT Polymerization of <i>tert</i>-Butyl Acrylate with a Cyclic Trithiocarbonate Derivative toward the Facile Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers

Abstract

Polymers with cyclic topology have no terminal structure and, therefore, exhibit various unique physical and functional properties compared to those of linear analogs. In this paper, we report an innovative methodology for the synthesis of cyclic polymers via ring-expansion RAFT (RE-RAFT) polymerization of vinyl monomers using a cyclic trithiocarbonate derivative (CTTC) as a RAFT agent. RE-RAFT of tert-butyl acrylate (TBA) was performed to yield a mixture of polymers exhibiting a bimodal size exclusion chromatography (SEC) trace. Both the peak top molecular weights shifted to higher-molecular-weight regions as the monomer conversion increased. The structure of the resulting polymer mixture was examined by 1H NMR and MALDI-TOF-MS. Detailed studies indicated that the obtained polymer of higher molecular weight was one of the large-sized cyclic polymers generated by the fusion of smaller-sized cyclic polymers during the RE-RAFT polymerization process. This approach opens the door to the simple synthesis of well-controlled cyclic polymers with complex structures, such as alternating and multi-block repeat unit sequences.

Keywords

• RAFT polymerization
• cyclic polymer
• ring-expansion RAFT polymerization
• cyclic trithiocarbonate derivative
• <i>tert</i>-butyl acrylate