Prenatal Diagnosis of Congenital Anomalies-Preliminary Report From A New Specialized Ultrasound Unit

Abstract

Background: Most structural malformations are not detected until birth in less developed countries unlike advanced nations. We decided to assess the role of anomaly scan by specialists in a newly installed, sole specialized unit in a Nigeria town. Methodology: Pregnant women referred to the unit were counseled and recruited for the study after informed consent. GE Voluson 730 professional ultrasound machine with 2D & 4D probes was utilized to scan the patients at 20 weeks with a repeat at 34 weeks gestation. The newborns were then clinically examined, investigated and or autopsied. Result: Five thousand fetuses were examined within eighteen months. Twenty anomalies with prevalence rate of 4 per 1000 were discovered. Head/Neck/spinal anomalies were the highest specifically anencephaly .Renal anomalies were also common. The sensitivity and positive predictive values were 100%. Conclusion: Anomaly Scanning at 20 weeks and 34 weeks reduces perinatal mortality and morbidity, provides opportunity for early treatment and reduces the financial, physical and emotional stress on parents. It is also very reliable and sensitive if (and should be) done by specialists with high resolution 2D & 4D ultrasound machines.

Keywords

• prenatal congenital anomalies 4d