Review of Sensitization to prevalent allergens in Iran and their geographical distribution

Abstract

The prevalence of allergic diseases has been on the rise during the past decades. Epidemiological studies have shown that extensive exposure to bio-aerosols causes adverse health effects such as respiratory disorders, allergic reactions and infections. Aeroallergens are allergic airborne particles that disperse from environmental sources over great distances by air currents and ultimately are inhaled by, ingested by, or come into contact with individuals who have had no previous contact with the allergenic agent. The most important bioaerosols in Iran are pollen grains, molds, house dust mites, and animal dander causing lots of allergic reactions in the country every year. Geographical variation is an important role in the prevalence of allergic diseases, most likely due to different environmental factors. Therefore, identifying geographical and seasonal distribution of allergens not only enables us to warn patients to avoid them but also contributes significantly in the diagnosis, prevention and management of the progress of allergic disorders and provides the possibility of performing immunotherapy. The results of this survey about the most common aeroallergens in different geographic areas of Iran may provide proper prevention activities and therefore reduce treatment costs for allergic patients.

Keywords

• aeroallergens
• animal dander
• allergic reaction
• asthma
• respiratory diseases
• pollen grain