Indian Journal of Dermatology (Jan 2018)

Adverse reactions due to the bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine: Twenty Tunisian cases

  • Khadija Sellami,
  • Meriem Amouri,
  • Sana Kmiha,
  • Emna Bahloul,
  • Hajer Aloulou,
  • Lamia Sfaihi,
  • R Guirat,
  • Madiha Mseddi,
  • T Kamoun,
  • Mongia Hachicha,
  • Hamida Turki

DOI
https://doi.org/10.4103/ijd.IJD_327_17
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 63, no. 1
pp. 62 – 65

Abstract

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Background: Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine is a widely used vaccine. Management of local BCG complications differs between clinicians, and the optimal approach remains unclear. Aims: We aim to describe the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of the BCG vaccine side effects in Sfax. Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective study of all the cases of BCG vaccine adverse reactions recorded in the Dermatology and Paediatrics Departments of Hedi Chaker University Hospital of Sfax over a period of 10 years (2005–2015). Results: Twenty cases of BCG adverse reactions were notified during the study period. Actually, 80% of the patients presented local adverse reactions. The outcome was good in all the followed patients. The rate of disseminated BCG disease was 20%. Biological tests of immunity showed a primary immunodeficiency in three cases, whereas the outcome was fatal in two cases. Conclusion: BCG vaccine adverse reactions range from mild to severe. However, the management of benign local reactions remains unclear. Disseminated BCG disease must alert clinicians to the possibility of a primary immunodeficiency.

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