História (Jan 2009)
Diplomáticos, periodistas, espías y publicistas: la cruzada mexicana-bolchevique en América Latina Diplomats, journalists, spies and publicists: the Mexican-Bolshevik campaign in Latin America
Abstract
Hacia mediados de la década de 1920, sectores importantes de la administración del presidente John Calvin Coolidge y de la opinión pública norteamericana, estuvieron convencidos de que México estaba gobernado por una camarilla comunistas. Esta percepción tuvo su origen en un irresuelto conflicto que los revolucionarios mexicanos sostuvieron con gobernantes y empresarios norteamericanos desde la promulgación de la Constitución de 1917; a lo que se sumó una serie de actitudes del presidente Calles desafiando a sectores conservadores de la sociedad mexicana junto a poderosos intereses estadounidenses. En este texto se estudian las estrategias y los personajes que contribuyeron a gestar la idea de un Méxicosoviet, prestando una particular atención al trabajo desarrollado por espías al servicio del gobierno norteamericano, pero también a la labor de intelectuales que bajo protección callista llevaron cabo una muy difundida obra de carácter anticlerical y antiimperialista.In the mid-20s important sectors within President John Calvin Coolidge's administration as well as American public opinion were convinced that Mexico had found itself governed by a group of communists. This idea arose due to an unsolved conflict, which the Mexican revolutionaries had had with the government and American businessmen since the preparation of the 1917Constitution. This was added to a series of actions of President Calles challenging sectors within Mexican society as well as the powerful interests of the Americans. In this text strategies and characters are studied that contributed to the evolution of the idea of a soviet Mexico, paying particular attention not only to the work developed by spies at the service of the American government, but also to the work of the intellectuals that under the Callista protection took on a complete and comprehensive job of spreading anticlerical and anti-imperialist propaganda.
Keywords
