Preventive Care in Nursing and Midwifery Journal (Sep 2020)
Adherence to Treatment Regimen and its Related Factors in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Revascularization in the City of Zanjan in 2017
Abstract
Background: Identifying the factors associated with the adherence to treatment regimen is a useful guide for health care providers to provide appropriate treatment regimens and promote the adherence to treatment. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the status of adherence to treatment regimen and its related factors in patients undergoing coronary artery revascularization therapies (CART) in selected hospitals of Zanjan in 2017. Methods: This correlational study was conducted in Zanjan, Iran in 2017. In total, 318 patients who had undergone CART were selected by systematic random sampling to participate in the study. The study tools included demographic factors, factors related to the disease, and the Nayeri et al questionnaire of adherence to treatment regimen. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data through SPSS software version 23. Results: Results of this study showed that, the mean score of adherence to treatment regimen by the patients was 128.12±7.51 and the status of adherence to treatment regimen was at moderate level. Multiple linear regressions showed that variables such as type of treatment, duration of disease, age, and gender were associated with the adherence to treatment regimen. So that, with the increasing age (p=0.002) and the duration of the disease (p=0.034), adherence to treatment regimen was also increased. Furthermore, the score of adherence to treatment regimen was better in patients who had coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) (p=0.002) than angioplasty procedure, and also it was better in women (p=0.032) than men. Conclusion: About half of the patients with CART do not adhere to their treatment regimen. Age, gender, level of education, duration of illness and type of treatment are the predictors of adherence to treatment regimen. Understanding these factors can be used as a guide in designing interventions and conducting further studies to improve the adherence to treatment regimen. Adherence to treatment regimen is not only a complicated variable that has many determinants, but also is a continuous process.
