Predicting the Improvement of Generalized Anxiety Disorder based on Distress Tolerance, Tolerance of Uncertainty, and Cognitive Avoidance

Abstract

Background and Objectives: This study aims to predict the improvement in the symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) based on distress tolerance, tolerance of uncertainty, and cognitive avoidance. Methods: This is a descriptive correlational study. Participants were 129 patients with GAD referred to medical centers in Isfahan, Iran, who were selected by a sequential sampling method. Data collection tools included the 7-item GAD questionnaire, distress tolerance scale of Simons and Gaher, Intolerance of Uncertainty scale and cognitive avoidance questionnaire of Sexton and Dugas. Pearson correlation test and stepwise regression analysis were used to analyze the data in SPSS software, version 26. Results: The results showed that the improvement of GAD symptoms had a positive significant relationship with distress tolerance (P=0.01) and a negative significant relationship with intolerance of uncertainty (P0.05). Conclusion: The increase of distress tolerance and uncertainty tolerance can relive GAD symptoms. The cognitive avoidance variable had no effect on its improvement.

Keywords

• anxiety
• uncertainty
• cognitive avoidance
• patient health questionnaire