Chemical Composition, Antioxidant Properties, and Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils of <i>Satureja macrostema</i> (Moc. and Sessé ex Benth.) Briq
Lucia Barrientos Ramírez,
José Antonio Silva Guzmán,
Edison Antonio Osorio Muñoz,
Carlos Alvarez Moya,
Mónica Reynoso Silva,
Abraham Francisco Cetina Corona,
Josefina Casas Solis,
J. Jesús Vargas Radillo
Affiliations
Lucia Barrientos Ramírez
Department of Wood, Cellulose and Paper, University of Guadalajara, CUCEI, Road Ing. Ramón Padilla Sánchez 2100, Las Agujas, Zapopan 45200, Jalisco, Mexico
José Antonio Silva Guzmán
Department of Wood, Cellulose and Paper, University of Guadalajara, CUCEI, Road Ing. Ramón Padilla Sánchez 2100, Las Agujas, Zapopan 45200, Jalisco, Mexico
Edison Antonio Osorio Muñoz
Group of Research and Development in Science Applied to Biological Resources, Salesian Polytechnic University, 12 de Octubre Avenue N2422 and Wilson, Quito 170109, Ecuador
Carlos Alvarez Moya
Environmental Mutagenesis Laboratory, Cellular and Molecular Department, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 45200, Jalisco, Mexico
Mónica Reynoso Silva
Environmental Mutagenesis Laboratory, Cellular and Molecular Department, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 45200, Jalisco, Mexico
Abraham Francisco Cetina Corona
Department of Wood, Cellulose and Paper, University of Guadalajara, CUCEI, Road Ing. Ramón Padilla Sánchez 2100, Las Agujas, Zapopan 45200, Jalisco, Mexico
Josefina Casas Solis
Microbiology Laboratory, Cellular and Molecular Department, University Center for Biological and Agricultural Sciences (CUCBA), Road Ing. Ramón Padilla Sánchez 2100, Nextipac, Zapopan 45200, Jalisco, Mexico
J. Jesús Vargas Radillo
Department of Wood, Cellulose and Paper, University of Guadalajara, CUCEI, Road Ing. Ramón Padilla Sánchez 2100, Las Agujas, Zapopan 45200, Jalisco, Mexico
Satureja macrostema is a plant that is located in various regions of Mexico and is used in a traditional way against illness. Essential oils (EOs) were obtained from leaves Satureja macrostema and the chemical composition was evaluated by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The antioxidant effect of the oil was assayed by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and by Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC). In vitro antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was determined using a broth microdilution assay and thin layer chromatography–direct bioautography (TLC-DB) to identify active antibacterial compounds. The EOs analysis showed 21 compounds, 99% terpenes, and 96% oxygenated monoterpenes, with trans-piperitone epoxide (46%), cis-piperitone epoxide (22%), and piperitenone oxide (11%) as more abundant compounds. Likewise, S. macrostema EOs showed an antioxidant activity of DPPH = 82%, with 50% free radical scavenging (IC50) = 7 mg/mL and TEAC = 0.005, an antibacterial effect against E. coli of 73% inhibition, and 81% over S. aureus at dose of 100 µL of undiluted crude oil. The TLC-DB assay showed that the most active compounds were derived from piperitone. The comparison with other studies on S. macrostema shows variability in the compounds and their abundances, which can be attributed to climatic factors and the maturity of plants with similar antioxidant and antibacterial activities.
