Preparation of Temperature-Responsive Antibody–Nanoparticles by RAFT-Mediated Grafting from Polymerization

Abstract

Herein, we report the preparation of temperature-responsive antibody–nanoparticles by the direct polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) from immunoglobulin G (IgG). To this end, a chain transfer agent (CTA) was introduced into IgG, followed by the precipitation polymerization of NIPAAm in an aqueous medium via reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer polymerization above the lower critical solution temperature (LCST). Consequently, antibody–polymer particles with diameters of approximately 100–200 nm were formed. Owing to the entanglement of the grafted polymers via partial chemical crosslinking, the antibody–nanoparticles maintained their stability even at temperatures below the LCST. Further, the dispersed nanoparticles could be collected by thermal precipitation above the LCST. Additionally, the antibody–nanoparticles formulation could maintain its binding constant and exhibited a good resistance against enzymatic treatment. Thus, the proposed antibody–nanoparticles can be useful for maximizing the therapeutic potential of antibody–drug conjugates or efficacies of immunoassays and antibody recovery and recycling.

Keywords

• polymer–protein conjugates
• grafting from
• temperature-responsive
• RAFT
• precipitation polymerization