Potency of cinnamaldehyde of cinnamon oil as an antidiabetic compound

Abstract

Cafeic and cinnamic compounds have been reported to give an excellent performance as α-glucosidase inhibitor. Inhibition of α-glucosidase in the intestine of mammals are able to lower blood sugar levels of the carbohydrates metabolism so it can reduce postprandial hyperglycemia which can prevent chronic complications of Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Based on cafeic and cinnamic structures in terms of organic chemistry and economic considerations, it can be offered a very promising alternative to provide their derivative compounds of cafeic from cinnamon oil, which is cinnamaldehyde. Cinnamaldehyde can be isolated from cinnamon oil by addition of sodium bisulphite to provide salt compounds which are separated easily from the mixed system. The aldehyde compound can be obtained by acid addition. Structure elucidation of cinnamaldehyde was done by mean of an infra red spectrophotometer and a gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. Activity test of anti-diabetic compounds was carried through the measurement of the concentration of minimum resistance against α-glucosidase activity. Cinnamaldehyde which is isolated from cinnamon oil was yellowish oil and cinnamaldehyde’s yield was up to 42.67%, and its purity was 99.8723%. Structure elucidation of cinnamaldehyde by mean of infra red spectrophotometer (FTIR) showed carbonyl vibration at 1676 cm-1, -C-H aldehyde at 2813.9 cm-1 and 2742.6 cm-1. From mass spectra, it can be known that cinnamaldehyde had M+ 132 with m/z of main fragmentation were 131, 103, 77, and 51. Inhibition activity of α-glucosidase test showed that inhibitory concentration at 50 ppm of cinnamaldehyde was 93.29%, and IC50 to the α-glucosidase was 27.97 ppm.

Keywords

• cinnamon oil
• cinnamaldehyde
• anti-diabetic