Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics (Dec 2024)

Real-world effectiveness of influenza vaccine against medical-attended influenza infection during 2023/24 season in Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, China: A test-negative, case-control study

  • Jia Mi,
  • Juping Wang,
  • Luping Chen,
  • Zihao Guo,
  • Hao Lei,
  • Marc KC Chong,
  • Jiangatai Talifu,
  • Shengmei Yang,
  • Kamuranni Luotebula,
  • Maierhaba Ablikemu,
  • Chunyu Ma,
  • Wenli Lu,
  • Zhaohui Luo,
  • Chuanfa Liu,
  • Shengzhi Sun,
  • Jianghong Dai,
  • Kai Wang,
  • Kailu Wang,
  • Shi Zhao

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2024.2394255
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 20, no. 1

Abstract

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In the post-COVID-19 pandemic era, influenza virus infections continuously lead to a global disease burden. Evaluating vaccine effectiveness against influenza infection is crucial to inform vaccine design and vaccination strategy. In this study, we recruited 1120 patients with influenza-like illness (ILI) who attended fever clinics of 4 sentinel hospitals in the Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China, from January 1 to April 7, 2024. Using a test-negative design, we estimated influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) of 54.7% (95% CrI: 23.7, 73.1) against medical-attended influenza infection, with 62.3% (95% CrI: 29.3, 79.8) against influenza A, and 51.2% (95% CrI: 28.7, 83.0) against influenza B. Despite the moderate VE estimated in this study, influenza vaccination remains the most important approach to prevent influenza at the community level.

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