Namık Kemal Tıp Dergisi (Jun 2022)

Comparative Evaluation of Systemic Immune Indexes in Infants Born to COVID-19 PCR Positive and Negative Mothers - Can Neonatal Effects Be Predicted?

  • Sarkhan ELBAYİYEV,
  • Naci YILMAZ,
  • Gülsüm KADIOĞLU ŞİMŞEK,
  • Ezgi TURGUT,
  • H. Gözde KANMAZ KUTMAN,
  • Fuat Emre CANPOLAT

DOI
https://doi.org/10.4274/nkmj.galenos.2022.59672
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 10, no. 2
pp. 169 – 174

Abstract

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Aim:The Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), declared as a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020, is a condition caused by Severe acute respiratory syndrome-Coronavirus-2, and the number of cases is increasing day by day. The aim of this study is to investigate the differences in systemic inflammatory indices of newborn babies born to COVID-19 polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-positive mothers, who constitute a sensitive population during the COVID-19 pandemic period, compared to the normal population.Materials and Methods:Between March 2019 and November 2021, in Ankara City Hospital, newborns who were born at ≥37 weeks of gestation to COVID-19 PCR positive mothers in the two weeks before birth and whose COVID-19 PCR tests were negative and were given usual care with mothers, basal hematological parameters were compared by taking healthy newborns born to COVID-19 PCR negative mothers at ≥37 weeks of gestation in the control group.Results:The rate of cesarean delivery was higher in the group (n=86) of babies of COVID-19 PCR positive mothers (p<0.05). Considering the hemogram parameters, total white blood cell, neutrophil, and hemoglobin/hematocrit counts were lower in the control group (n=94), and platelet/plateletcrit values were higher (p<0.05). Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio and systemic immune-inflammation index were statistically significantly higher in the infants of COVID-19 PCR-positive mothers, neutrophilia and neutrophil lymphocyte ratio was determined as independent predictive variables in logistic regression analysis (p=0.048 and p=0.011).Results:Vertical viral transmission was not observed in babies born to COVID-19 PCR positive mothers. Compared to the control group, it was thought that the high neutrophil lymphocyte ratio and neutrophilia in babies born to COVID-19 PCR positive mothers might be due to maternal cytokine release. Our study will shed light on further research for the elaboration of this situation and longer follow-up.

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