BMC Medicine (Nov 2018)
Gestational weight gain charts for different body mass index groups for women in Europe, North America, and Oceania
- Susana Santos,
- Iris Eekhout,
- Ellis Voerman,
- Romy Gaillard,
- Henrique Barros,
- Marie-Aline Charles,
- Leda Chatzi,
- Cécile Chevrier,
- George P. Chrousos,
- Eva Corpeleijn,
- Nathalie Costet,
- Sarah Crozier,
- Myriam Doyon,
- Merete Eggesbø,
- Maria Pia Fantini,
- Sara Farchi,
- Francesco Forastiere,
- Luigi Gagliardi,
- Vagelis Georgiu,
- Keith M. Godfrey,
- Davide Gori,
- Veit Grote,
- Wojciech Hanke,
- Irva Hertz-Picciotto,
- Barbara Heude,
- Marie-France Hivert,
- Daniel Hryhorczuk,
- Rae-Chi Huang,
- Hazel Inskip,
- Todd A. Jusko,
- Anne M. Karvonen,
- Berthold Koletzko,
- Leanne K. Küpers,
- Hanna Lagström,
- Debbie A. Lawlor,
- Irina Lehmann,
- Maria-Jose Lopez-Espinosa,
- Per Magnus,
- Renata Majewska,
- Johanna Mäkelä,
- Yannis Manios,
- Sheila W. McDonald,
- Monique Mommers,
- Camilla S. Morgen,
- George Moschonis,
- Ľubica Murínová,
- John Newnham,
- Ellen A. Nohr,
- Anne-Marie Nybo Andersen,
- Emily Oken,
- Adriëtte J. J. M. Oostvogels,
- Agnieszka Pac,
- Eleni Papadopoulou,
- Juha Pekkanen,
- Costanza Pizzi,
- Kinga Polanska,
- Daniela Porta,
- Lorenzo Richiardi,
- Sheryl L. Rifas-Shiman,
- Nel Roeleveld,
- Loreto Santa-Marina,
- Ana C. Santos,
- Henriette A. Smit,
- Thorkild I. A. Sørensen,
- Marie Standl,
- Maggie Stanislawski,
- Camilla Stoltenberg,
- Elisabeth Thiering,
- Carel Thijs,
- Maties Torrent,
- Suzanne C. Tough,
- Tomas Trnovec,
- Marleen M. H. J. van Gelder,
- Lenie van Rossem,
- Andrea von Berg,
- Martine Vrijheid,
- Tanja G. M. Vrijkotte,
- Oleksandr Zvinchuk,
- Stef van Buuren,
- Vincent W. V. Jaddoe
Affiliations
- Susana Santos
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam
- Iris Eekhout
- TNO Child Health
- Ellis Voerman
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam
- Romy Gaillard
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam
- Henrique Barros
- EPIUnit-Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto
- Marie-Aline Charles
- INSERM, UMR1153 Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Center (CRESS), ORCHAD Team
- Leda Chatzi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California
- Cécile Chevrier
- Inserm UMR 1085, Irset-Research Institute for Environmental and Occupational Health
- George P. Chrousos
- First Department of Pediatrics, Athens University Medical School, Aghia Sophia Children’s Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
- Eva Corpeleijn
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen
- Nathalie Costet
- Inserm UMR 1085, Irset-Research Institute for Environmental and Occupational Health
- Sarah Crozier
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton
- Myriam Doyon
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Universite de Sherbrooke
- Merete Eggesbø
- Department of Exposure and Environmental Epidemiology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health
- Maria Pia Fantini
- The Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna
- Sara Farchi
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service
- Francesco Forastiere
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service
- Luigi Gagliardi
- Department of Woman and Child Health, Ospedale Versilia, Local Health Authority Toscana Nord Ovest
- Vagelis Georgiu
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete
- Keith M. Godfrey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton
- Davide Gori
- The Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna
- Veit Grote
- Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-Universität Munich
- Wojciech Hanke
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine
- Irva Hertz-Picciotto
- Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California Davis
- Barbara Heude
- INSERM, UMR1153 Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Center (CRESS), ORCHAD Team
- Marie-France Hivert
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Universite de Sherbrooke
- Daniel Hryhorczuk
- Center for Global Health, University of Illinois College of Medicine
- Rae-Chi Huang
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia
- Hazel Inskip
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton
- Todd A. Jusko
- Departments of Public Health Sciences and Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry
- Anne M. Karvonen
- Department of Health Security, National Institute for Health and Welfare
- Berthold Koletzko
- Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-Universität Munich
- Leanne K. Küpers
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen
- Hanna Lagström
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku
- Debbie A. Lawlor
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol
- Irina Lehmann
- Department of Environmental Immunology/Core Facility Studies, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research–UFZ
- Maria-Jose Lopez-Espinosa
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO−Universitat Jaume I−Universitat de València
- Per Magnus
- Division of Health Data and Digitalization, Norwegian Institute of Public Health
- Renata Majewska
- Department of Epidemiology, Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College
- Johanna Mäkelä
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Abo Akademi University
- Yannis Manios
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University
- Sheila W. McDonald
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary
- Monique Mommers
- Department of Epidemiology, Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University
- Camilla S. Morgen
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark
- George Moschonis
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nutrition and Sport, La Trobe University
- Ľubica Murínová
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, Slovak Medical University
- John Newnham
- School of Women’s and Infants’ Health, University of Western Australia
- Ellen A. Nohr
- Research Unit for Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Institute for Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark
- Anne-Marie Nybo Andersen
- Department of Public Health, Section of Epidemiology, University of Copenhagen
- Emily Oken
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute
- Adriëtte J. J. M. Oostvogels
- Department of Public Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Academic Medical Center
- Agnieszka Pac
- Department of Epidemiology, Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College
- Eleni Papadopoulou
- Department of Environmental Exposures and Epidemiology, Domain of Infection Control and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health
- Juha Pekkanen
- Department of Health Security, National Institute for Health and Welfare
- Costanza Pizzi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin
- Kinga Polanska
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine
- Daniela Porta
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service
- Lorenzo Richiardi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin
- Sheryl L. Rifas-Shiman
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute
- Nel Roeleveld
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center
- Loreto Santa-Marina
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)
- Ana C. Santos
- EPIUnit-Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto
- Henriette A. Smit
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University
- Thorkild I. A. Sørensen
- Department of Public Health, Section of Epidemiology, University of Copenhagen
- Marie Standl
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health
- Maggie Stanislawski
- School of Public Health, University of Colorado
- Camilla Stoltenberg
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health
- Elisabeth Thiering
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health
- Carel Thijs
- Department of Epidemiology, Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University
- Maties Torrent
- Ib-salut, Area de Salut de Menorca
- Suzanne C. Tough
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary
- Tomas Trnovec
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Slovak Medical University
- Marleen M. H. J. van Gelder
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center
- Lenie van Rossem
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University
- Andrea von Berg
- Department of Pediatrics, Marien-Hospital Wesel, Research Institute
- Martine Vrijheid
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)
- Tanja G. M. Vrijkotte
- Department of Public Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Academic Medical Center
- Oleksandr Zvinchuk
- Department of Medical and Social Problems of Family Health, Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Stef van Buuren
- TNO Child Health
- Vincent W. V. Jaddoe
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-018-1189-1
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 16,
no. 1
pp. 1 – 15
Abstract
Abstract Background Gestational weight gain differs according to pre-pregnancy body mass index and is related to the risks of adverse maternal and child health outcomes. Gestational weight gain charts for women in different pre-pregnancy body mass index groups enable identification of women and offspring at risk for adverse health outcomes. We aimed to construct gestational weight gain reference charts for underweight, normal weight, overweight, and grades 1, 2 and 3 obese women and to compare these charts with those obtained in women with uncomplicated term pregnancies. Methods We used individual participant data from 218,216 pregnant women participating in 33 cohorts from Europe, North America, and Oceania. Of these women, 9065 (4.2%), 148,697 (68.1%), 42,678 (19.6%), 13,084 (6.0%), 3597 (1.6%), and 1095 (0.5%) were underweight, normal weight, overweight, and grades 1, 2, and 3 obese women, respectively. A total of 138, 517 women from 26 cohorts had pregnancies with no hypertensive or diabetic disorders and with term deliveries of appropriate for gestational age at birth infants. Gestational weight gain charts for underweight, normal weight, overweight, and grade 1, 2, and 3 obese women were derived by the Box-Cox t method using the generalized additive model for location, scale, and shape. Results We observed that gestational weight gain strongly differed per maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index group. The median (interquartile range) gestational weight gain at 40 weeks was 14.2 kg (11.4–17.4) for underweight women, 14.5 kg (11.5–17.7) for normal weight women, 13.9 kg (10.1–17.9) for overweight women, and 11.2 kg (7.0–15.7), 8.7 kg (4.3–13.4) and 6.3 kg (1.9–11.1) for grades 1, 2, and 3 obese women, respectively. The rate of weight gain was lower in the first half than in the second half of pregnancy. No differences in the patterns of weight gain were observed between cohorts or countries. Similar weight gain patterns were observed in mothers without pregnancy complications. Conclusions Gestational weight gain patterns are strongly related to pre-pregnancy body mass index. The derived charts can be used to assess gestational weight gain in etiological research and as a monitoring tool for weight gain during pregnancy in clinical practice.
Keywords
