Chronic Intake of Water Supplemented with Deep-Sea Water Extract Reduces Body Fat Percentage and Increases Basal Metabolic Rate and Muscle Mass in Humans
Shuya Yuzawa,
Miku Ishizawa,
Yugo Kato,
Nozomu Takeuchi,
Hirotsugu Takenaka,
Masahiro Kohno,
Koji Fukui
Affiliations
Shuya Yuzawa
Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Systems Engineering and Science, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Fukasaku 307, Minuma-ku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
Miku Ishizawa
Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Bioscience and Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, College of System Engineering and Science, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
Yugo Kato
Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Bioscience and Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, College of System Engineering and Science, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
Nozomu Takeuchi
Dydo-Takenaka Beverage Co., Ltd., Haneyou Ko 1310-1, Muroto 781-6741, Japan
Hirotsugu Takenaka
Dydo-Takenaka Beverage Co., Ltd., Haneyou Ko 1310-1, Muroto 781-6741, Japan
Masahiro Kohno
Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Bioscience and Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, College of System Engineering and Science, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
Koji Fukui
Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Systems Engineering and Science, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Fukasaku 307, Minuma-ku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
Modern humans are mineral deficient; thus, considerable attention has been focused on vitamins and polyphenols taken in supplements. However, in the case of minerals, only a few are known, such as calcium, zinc, and iron. As minerals are essential for proper physiologic function, mineral deficiencies are a risk factor for various serious diseases. For a variety of reasons, it has become difficult in recent years for humans to ingest the required amounts of minerals through diet alone, creating the need for a means of easy mineral replenishment. In this study, we measured changes in various physiologic parameters when 36 healthy individuals drank one bottle (550 mL) of water per day for one month containing minerals extracted from deep-sea water and adjusted to a hardness of 300. Although there were no changes in body weight or body mass index, body fat percentage decreased significantly, and basal metabolic rate and muscle mass increased significantly. Although the mechanism behind these changes is unknown, continuous intake of water amended with minerals extracted from deep-sea water may be an excellent approach to replenishing essential minerals.
