Risk Assessment and Zoning on Supply and Demand of Water Yield Services in Pakistan Section of China-Pakistan Economic Corridor

Abstract

[Objective] The supply and demand of water yield services in the Pakistan section of China-Pakistan economic corridor were analyzed, the risk areas for water yield services were identified scientifically, and the risk prevention measures were formulated reasonably in order to provide an important basis for the green development of the China-Pakistan economic corridor. [Methods] Based on remote sensing image data and socio-economic data for 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020 from the research area (the Pakistan section of the China-Pakistan economic corridor), the InVEST model and the human-demand method were used to estimate the supply and demand of water yield services. The supply and demand index and trends were used to assess the supply and demand risks of water yield services and to delineate risk areas. [Results] ① Total water yield from 2000 to 2020 initially increased and then decreased. The water yield service supply capacity was high in the center of the study area and low in the north and south. The total demand for water yield increased by 58.44% over the past 20 years. ② From 2000 to 2020, the supply and demand index of water yield services had a weak trend and was generally stable. Severe deficit areas were mainly located in the Indus Plain and Western Balochistan, and high surplus areas were concentrated in Gilgit-Baltistan and Eastern Balochistan. ③ The high-risk areas accounted for 22.69% of the national area, and the type of supply and demand match was mainly low supply and low demand (47.57%). [Conclusion] Dynamically assessing water yield in the China-Pakistan economic corridor (Pakistan section), formulating regional water resource protection measures, and constructing an ecological compensation mechanism to balance the supply and demand of water yield services are conducive to promoting the green development of the China-Pakistan economic corridor.

Keywords

• water yield service
• supply and demand
• supply-demand risk
• invest model
• china-pakistan economic corridor