Dimensional changes of recipient site following free gingival graft around dental implants in smokers and non-smokers: A prospective controlled clinical study

Abstract

Aim The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of smoking on healing of free gingival graft around dental implants. Methods Twelve non-smoker and eight smoker patients presenting inadequate keratinized mucosa around dental implants in posterior area were included in the present study. Clinical parameters including probing depth, modified sulcus bleeding index and modified plaque index were determined. Individuals stents were prepared for all patients. All patients received FGG of same dimensions (5.0 mm x 10.0 mm). Vertical dimension of keratinized mucosa (KM) was measured using individual stent. All measurements were performed at baseline, 30 and 90 and 180 days. Parametric and non-parametric statistical analyses were performed. Results There were no significant differences in demographics between smokers and non-smokers (p> 0,05). Vertical dimension of keratinized mucosa was significantly increased in both study groups at sixth month compared to baseline (p 0,05). The total area of FGG significantly decreased at first, third and sixth months compared to baseline in both study groups (p< 0,05). The shrinkage of FGG significantly higher in smokers than non-smokers at sixth months (p< 0,05). Conclusion Within the limitation of the present study, dimensional changes of recipient site following free gingival graft around dental implants seems to be affected from smoking. Funding Scientific Research Commission of Ege University.

Keywords

• dental implants
• smokers
• non-smokers