Periodontal Disease as a Possible Cause of a Lung Abscess: A Case Report

Abstract

The microbiology of a lung abscess can vary depending on the source of infection, patient risk factors, and the presence of underlying conditions. We report a case of lung abscess diagnosed in a 62-year-old female, possibly connected with periodontal disease, caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Porphyromonas gingivalis, identified in the sputum. The CT scan showed a large cavitary lesion in the right lower lobe; the cavity had an air-fluid level and a smooth inner margin. The intraoral examination revealed soft and hard colored deposits, carious lesions in the molars, and two remaining gangrenous roots in the region of the upper left premolars. The periodontal examination was done based on the CPITN index, and the highest value obtained for the sextant was 3. This patient showed a remarkable improvement after a 2-month combined treatment with antibiotics therapy, combined with chlorhexidine gargle oral care, root planning, and scaling. The aspiration of contents from the oral cavity and poor oral hygiene is the leading cause of lung abscesses.

Keywords

• lung abscess
• oral microflora
• periodontal disease