Prediction of Stem Cell Mobilization Failure in Patients with Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

Abstract

Objective: Autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is a significant and potentially curative treatment modality for patients with relapsed/refractory lymphoma. Insufficient mobilization and harvest of peripheral stem cells can be a major obstacle for performing ASCT. The aim of this study was to evaluate the factors which might influence mobilization failure in patients with lymphoma. Materials and Methods: Eighty-seven patients with diagnosed non-Hodgkin and Hodgkin lymphoma who underwent stem cell mobilization after at Hacettepe University Medical School, Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Turkey, between the years of 2000 and 2018 were evaluated. Results: A total of 87 patients were included in this study. In 66 of 87 patients (75.9%) first mobilization trial was successful. Adequate (≥2 × 106/kg) CD34+ cells were collected at first apheresis in 66 patients (9.5+-8.1). In 21 of 87 (24.1%) first mobilization trial was unsuccessful. Therefore, a second mobilization trial was made to these patients with plerixafor (5.5+-3.3). The number of CD34+ cell was significantly higher in patients who were successful in the first mobilization (p=0.002). Conclusion: The success rate of the first mobilization trial was found to be higher in patients with high platelet counts before mobilization and patients who received chemotherapy-based mobilization protocols. In the patients who had mobilization failure in the first trial, plerixafor was used in a later mobilization, and those patients had an adequate amount of stem cells for ASCT. Parameters predicting mobilization failure would allow for preemptive, more cost-effective use of such agents during the first mobilization attempt; however, risk factors for mobilization failure are still not clear.

Keywords

• hodgkin lymphoma
• non-hodgkin lymphoma
• stem cell mobilization
• mobilization failure